In 1985,a little Italian plumber(水管工) became the face of video games, and changed the way we play them. "Super Mario Bros" saw the main characters in the game, Mario and Luigi, jump around the Mushroom Kingdom, collect coins and rush to save a princess from a bad turtle. The content was different from the simple gameplay of Snake or Pac-Man, where the aim was to eat and stay alive.

Mario originated as a carpenter in the 1981 game "Donkey Kong", which was advanced for its time. with retro(复旧 ）sound effects as Mario moved on challenging platforms. "At the time, video games were usually created by computer engineers, as opposed to today's artists," said Shigeru Miyamoto, game designer and producer of the "Super Mario Bros" and "Donkey Kong". As to why he picked a 26-year-old Italian-American plumber from New York as the main character, Miyamoto said," We wanted him to be someone who might live near you, and not a superhero."

The game's popularity really took off in 1985 when "Super Mario Bros" was released." People had never seen a game like Super Mario Bros." said Frank Cifaldi, co-director of the Video Game History Foundation," Super Mario Bros, despite having the same limitations as its peers(同辈),manages to convey a hard and long adventure in a large world." Super Mario Bros changed the way we play video games-from merely aiming for a high score to playing a game to experience an adventure and see it through to its ending, he said.

"For all the critics that may say video games are full of violence and killings, the moustached Mario remains the most globally identifiable face of the video game industry," added Miyamoto.

In four years, the space agency plans to land the first woman ever on the Moon through its Artemis program, which calls for $28 billion in funding through 2025' for Stage I, NASA said in its news release. Artemis is named after the Greek goddess of the moon and twin sister of Apollo. NASA's Apollo 11 mission succeeded in landing the first 12 men on the moon on July 20, 1969.

One billion dollars of the budget will go directly to the development of a commercial human lunar system that will take humans to the moon's surface, NASA' said. A share of $651 million will be used to support the Orion Spacecraft and the rocket for the moon mission—called the Space Launch System or SLS.NASA has already spent at least $11.9 billion on the SLS, which was supposed to be ready by December 2017. The spacecraft is complete, NASA said, and the main stage and four attached rockets are undergoing final tests in preparation for a "critical hot fire test this fall."

NASA's Artemis I mission is on track to launch in 2021 with two test flights around the Moon without astronauts. However, NASA will send robots to the Moon twice in 2021 in order to "send dozens of new science investigations and technology demonstrations".

Artemis II is set to launch in 2023 with astronauts on board in preparation to have Artemis III bring astronauts back to the surface of the Moon. The astronauts will be fitted with modern spacesuits that allow for greater flexibility and movement than the spacesuits used by other Apollo-era astronauts, and they will be tasked with collecting samples and conducting a range of science experiments over the course of nearly seven days.

The Artemis program will search for and potentially explore resources' such as water that can be turned into other usable resources such as oxygen and fuel, and NASA hopes to develop new 'mobility capabilities that will allow astronauts to explore new regions of the Moon.

Tam the aunt, granddaughter, daughter, and sister of Baptist ministers. Service was as essential a part of my upbringing as eating and sleeping and going to school. The church was a center of Black children's social existence, and Black adults were buffers(缓冲) against the segregated(种族隔离的) outside world that told us we weren't important. But our parents said it wasn't so.

We couldn't play in public playgrounds or sit at drugstore lunch counters and order a Coke, so Daddy built a playground and canteen behind the church. There were no Black homes for the aged in Bennettsville, so he began one across the street for which he and Mama and we children cooked and served. And we children learned that it was our responsibility to take care of elderly family members and neighbors.

We learned early what our parents and extended community "parents" valued. Children were taught-not by teaching, but by personal example-that no kindness, however small, was ever wasted. I remember a debate my parents had when I was eight or nine as to whether I was too young to go to help clean the bed of a very sick, poor woman. I went and learned just how much the smallest helping hands could mean to a person in need.

The adults in our community made children feel valued and important. They struggled to find ways to keep us busy. And while life was often hard and resources scarce, we always knew who we were and that the measure of our worth was inside our heads and hearts. We were told that the world had a lot of problems, that Black people had an extra lot of problems, but that we ought to and were able to struggle and change them, that being poor was no excuse for not achieving, and that we had the responsibility of sharing with the less fortunate.

Can you remember a time when you woke up from a fantastic or strange dream? Maybe you were afraid and turned on the light or the dream was so good you wanted to sleep longer. But do you think your dreams are telling you something?

Today, too, many people can remember a time when they saw a place or person in their dream and then, later, the dream happened in real life. Most people have four to six dreams every night after the age of ten. So, an-80-year-old·person has probably had-140,000 dreams. Maybe we forget 95-99 percent of our dreams, but that's still thousands of dreams, that might "come true".

Around the 18th and 19th centuries, there were two popular ideas about dreams. One said that the things we see in our dreams are things we keep in our subconscious(潜意识) because we don't want or need to think about them when we're awake,  Dreams are just random thoughts from our day but we try to make a story from them when we wake up. Perhaps both ideas are a little bit right. Maybe dreams are made from the thoughts we have during the day, but we see them as symbols.

When we're awake, we think in words most of the time. But when we're sleeping, the part of our brain that helps us with language sleeps, and the part that makes us happy or sad or angry is awake and busy.  If you can understand these symbols, you have a window into your subconscious.

A. That's as many as. 2, 000 dreams per year

B. Maybe that's not surprising because we dream a lot.

C. Also, how you were feeling in the dream is important.

D. For centuries, people thought dreams were messages from gods or spirits.

E. For example, a dream of flying might be a symbol for an exciting new job.

F. The opposite idea said the brain organizes thoughts from the day while we're sleeping.

G. So, maybe our thoughts come to us in dreams as feelings and symbols instead of words

A few years ago, I was given a wallet. The wallet came to me all the way from Tanzania, I fell in love with it 1-it was the perfect size and came from a place I 2 , to visit someday in the future. I carried it everywhere. But the wallet had a personality(个性): it loved to 3, as I told my parents again and again, only to receive eye rolls  4

I seem to have a habit of:5 things-jackets, water bottles, textbooks, even shoes. And every time I would report another loss, my parents would have a harder time believing it. Even though my wallet was6, I lost it almost weekly. Fortunately, the most 7 place for me to lose it: was in my ow house, so I would 8  find it

One day, 9as I was leaving a football stadium at a school, the wallet once again slipped out of my pocket. I discovered, the 10when I got home that evening. My. parents still11my usual explanations, and frankly I was also a little , 12after all, I wasn't certain that I'd lost it, I only 13that I couldn't find it. I searched the  14  as usual; and I prayed and prayed Nothing

But a week later, my parents 15 a message on their business voicemail. A 16 was calling with news of my wallet. This man 17 my wallet and saw a check in it which my parents had written to me. It 18that their business phone number was on it.

I wrote a long letter to the man expressing my 19 .I don't know if I believe in chance or luck, but I do know I believe in the selfless acts of 20.My hope for the world is renewed whenever I recall this little event.

Japan's government has lowered the age at which people become adults. It is the first time since 1876 that this (happen). From the year 2022, teenagers will become adults at the age of 18, two years (early) than the age at which adulthood currently legally happens. However, even though the age has been lowered, there (be) still certain things that will not change. The legal age for drinking alcohol, smoking and gambling(赌博) will remain fixed at 20. The new law will enable 18-year-olds to get married without parental (permit), and allow them to apply credit cards.

The new law has been passed in an effort  (bring) about social and economic changes in Japan. The government hopes to see increase in the number of young people getting married and starting (family). This will help deal with the nation's decreasing birth rate and ageing population. Greater financial freedom could help promote the economy, which is vital for a government (struggle) to handle the increasing pension and healthcare payments. Many of Japan's young people are more concerned about how the law will affect the traditional Coming of Age Day, a national holiday held in January 20-year-olds dress up in traditional kimonos(和服）to celebrate adulthood

1）时间、地点；

2）活动内容；

3）活动意义。

注意：1）词数80左右：

2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

It's not just your mom's arbitrary rule; across cultures and throughout history, elbows(手肘) on the table have long been considered unacceptable behavior. Indeed, the Bible warns of putting your elbows on the table, and in 1530, Dutch philosopher Erasmus repeated the same rule. Even the etiquette(礼节) experts don't advise it. So, why have elbows on the table always been considered rude?

For earlier civilizations, this rule functioned to prevent possible violence at the table." Table manners prevented us from leaving our space and starting a" fight. It was important that people saw you-as considerate or trying hard," says Margaret Visser, author of The Rituals of Dinner. Our place setting's fork and knife already act as an imaginary boundary for bur space at the table, so ignoring" or breaking that border indicates that you have no regard for order and are therefore potentially mentally ill-who: knows what else you're capable of!

Today, while keeping your elbows off the table can't be traced back' to a single culture or civilization, it more belongs to the universal language of principle, which expresses two ideas, that at mealtime one shouldn't do anything that inconveniences other diners, and that a meal is a formal occasion where' one shouldn't behave in a casual way.

However, that's not to say that in the here and now leaving your' elbows on the" table will bring dishonor upon your family. Manners develop with the times to meet our needs and feelings. In fact, some body language now suggests that elbows on the table are a sign of appearing engaged and focused on the conversation at hand.

Above all, being considerate, respectful, 'and honest is more important 'than knowing which fork to use. Whether it's a handshake or a hug, it's the sincerity behind and good intentions of the action that matter most