①风俗；习惯          ②鞠躬；弯腰          ③亲吻      

④和……打招呼       ⑤重视，珍视        ⑥首都，国都      

⑦很生气，疯掉         ⑧护照         ⑨海岸      

①季节           ②敲；击         ③东方的      

④值得           ⑤方式；礼仪          ⑥空洞的      

⑦基本的           ⑧交换           ⑨青少年的      

①(外)孙女           ②表现，举止         ③除……之外      

④逐步地；渐渐地          ⑤青少年的           ⑥建议      

⑦迫使           ⑧最近，不久前           ⑨友谊      

①君主，国王           ②银行家       ③苍白的      

④王后，女王           ⑤检查；检验           ⑥王宫      

⑦权利；力量        ⑧财富        ⑨阴沉的，灰暗的      

①柠檬           ②重量，分量          ③肩膀      

④球门，目标           ⑤教练          ⑥踢      

⑦而且          ⑧勇气         ⑨拉      

①柠檬           ②重量，分量          ③肩膀      

④球门，目标           ⑤教练          ⑥踢      

⑦而且          ⑧勇气         ⑨拉      

①使失望          ②背包          ③睡过头      

④错过            ⑤出乎意料的          ⑥街区      

⑦着火，燃烧          ⑧有生气的         ⑨西部的      

①奶油         ②市场           ③蠢人      

④窘迫的          ⑤宣布           ⑥发现，发觉      

⑦取消           ⑧军官            ⑨消失，不见      

①顺便访问         ②按时      

③毕竟，终究          ④全世界      

⑤大动肝火，气愤       ⑥作出努力      

⑦把……擦掉         ⑧脱下(衣服)；(飞机)起飞      

⑨特地，格外努力       ⑩使(某人)感到宾至如归      

①习惯于          ②越……，越……       

③使失望；使略逊一筹          ④开除      

⑤而不是           ⑥齐心协力；通力合作      

⑦捎(某人)一程         ⑧化妆舞会      

⑨赶到；露面           ⑩卖光      

①充满……          ②迟到      

③到……时候          ④(闹钟)闹响      

⑤忘记去做某事         ⑥忘记已做了某事      

      应该   如：We are supposed to stop smoking. 我们应该停止吸烟。

知识拓展   表示"应该"的词有：should, ought to，be supposed to

句中的should have asked是"情态动词＋现在完成时"，表示过去本应该做某事，事实上没有做。

如：She        Beijing. 她本应该去了北京。(没有去)

make plans to do＝plan to do. 打算做某事   如：

She        go to Beijing.＝She        go to Beijing.

invite sb to do sth. 邀请某人做某事

如：Lily       .莉莉请我吃晚饭。

it 形式宾语，to后面的是真正宾语。

常见的形式宾语有：find/think ＋ it/them ＋形容词 to do sth.

如：I think        English. 我认为学习英语很难。

make ＋       /      原形。

①下雨的天气让我悲伤。Rainy days      .

②柔和的音乐使她轻松。The        music       relaxed.

①would rather意为"宁愿……"，表示句子主语的愿望、选择，后接省去to的不定式。

He       you in the English Group. 他宁愿加入到你的英语小组中来。

      , bread or rice? 面包和米饭，你更喜欢哪一个？

②如果表示"宁愿(可)……也不愿……"则用句型would rather…than…。

在would rather和than后面所连接的两个对比部分一般要一致。

The brave soldier       .那个勇敢的士兵宁死不屈。

He      . 他宁愿工作也不愿玩。

They       his bread.他们宁愿饿死也不愿接受他的面包。

①      作"首先"解时，在句中常常以插入语的形式出现。

To start with, the computer room must be kept very clean.

首先，计算机工作室必须保持清洁。

Our group had five members, to start with.刚开始，我们小组只有五个人。

② start with可表示"从……开始；先从某事做起"，与begin…with是同义词组。反义词组是       "以……结束"。

The meeting        a speech given by the chairman.会议以主席的讲话结束。

He wanted to start/begin with the smallest country and end with the largest one.

他打算先去最小的国家，最后去最大的国家。

③start单独使用时，意为"开始"，可用作及物动词或不及物动词。用作及物动词时，其后跟名词、代词，也可跟动词不定式或动名词形式。begin是start的同义词，两者在用法上没有很大差别，只是start侧重动作的突然开始。

As soon as we got there, it started raining.我们一到那儿就下雨了。

When did we start/begin this lesson？我们是什么时候开始讲这一课的？

      直到……时候

指从过去某一点到从句所示的时间为止的一段时间。如：

By the time we got to his house, he had finished supper.

在我们到达他就已经吃完了晚饭。

英语中表示"把某物遗忘在某处"常用leave，而不用forget。

如：Unluckily, I       . 不幸的是，我把书忘在家里了。

— I like ________ days because they make me ________.

— Bad luck! When I got to the station, the train ________.

    Manners are important to happy relations(关系)among people. No one 1 a person with bad manners. A 2 with good manners never laughs at people when they are in trouble. Instead, he 3 to help them. When he asks for something, he says "4." And when he receives something, he 5 says "Thank you". He does not interrupt(打扰) 6 people when they are talking. He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly 7 public. When he sneezes or spits(吐痰), he uses a 8. If you are late, you   9 make an apology (道歉)to the teacher either at the time 10 after class.

    Some British and American people like to invite friends for a meal at home. You should not be upset(不安的)if your English friends don't invite you home. It doesn't mean they don't like you. Dinner parties usually start between 7 and 8 p. m. and end at about 11. Ask your hosts what time you should arrive. It's polite to bring flowers, chocolates or a bottle of wine as a gift. Usually the evening starts with drinks and snacks. If you want to be very polite, say how much you like the room, or the pictures on the wall. But remember－it's not polite to ask how much things cost. In many families, the husband sits at one of the table and the wife sits at the other end. They eat with their guests. You'll probably start the meal with soup or something small, then you'll have meat or fish with vegetables, and then dessert followed by coffee. It's polite to finish everything on your plate and to take more if you want it. Did you enjoy the evening? Call your hosts the next day, or write them a short "thank you" letter. British and American people like to say "thank you, thank you, thank you" all the time!

    Making friends is a skill. Like most skills, you can improve it if you are patient. If you want to meet people and make friends, you must be willing to take action. You must first go where there are people. You won't make friends staying home       .

    Joining a club or a group, talking to those who like the same things as you do is much       . Or join someone in some activity.

    Many people are        when talking to new people. After all, meeting strangers means seeing the unknown. And it's human nature to feel a bit unpleasant about the unknown. Most of fears about        with new people come from doubts  about ourselves. We imagine other people are judging us—finding us too tall or too short, too this or too that. But don't forget that they must be feeling the       way. Try to accept yourself as you are, and try to make others feel at home. You'll all feel more       .

    Try to be brave even if you don't feel that way when you        a room full of strangers. Walk tall and straight, look directly at other people and smile.

    If you see someone you'd like to speak to, say something. Don't wait for the other person to start a       .

    Just meeting someone new does not mean that you'll make friends with that person. Friendship is based on mutual (相互的) likings and "give and take". It takes time and effort (精力)for us to        friendship. And there are things that stop a new friendship from       .